United+Kingdom

‍Introduction - "The UK"
The History of the United Kingdom, as a unified sovereign state began with the political union of the kingdoms of England, which included Wales and Scotland (1st of May, 1707) in accordance with the Treaty of union, as ratified by the Acts of union 1707. The Union created the new state of Great Britain which shared a single constitutional monarch and a single Parliament of Great Britain at Westminster. Following WW2, in which the UK was an allied power, most of the territories of the British Empire became independent. Many went on to join the Common wealth nations, a free association of independent states. Some have retained the British monarch as their head of state to become independent Commonwealth realms. In its capacity as a great power, and as a leading member of the UN, European Union and NATO, the United Kingdom remains a strong economic, cultural, military and political influence in the 21st century. The UK, a leading trading power and financial center, is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Over the past 20 years, the government has greatly lowered public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare programs. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% of food needs with less than 2% of the labor force.Budget 2010 expanded the types of international businesses and the types of specialists that are eligible for this program. As a result, the International Financial Activity Act has been renamed the International Business Activity Act and the program is now known as the International Business Activity program.International Business conducts business transactions all over the world. These transactions include the transfer of goods, services, technology, managerial knowledge, and capital to other countries. International business involves exports and imports. International financial business, in relation to a corporation, means a business that is a qualifying financial business carried on by the corporation through a fixed place of business in British Columbia, and all the activities of which are international financial activities.

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section created by: Moises M.

‍Economic Conditions
The United Kingdom has a high population density, with more than 62 million residents. Almost 1/3 of England’s population lives in the southeast because the land is fertile and mostly urban and suburban. The climate is regularly mild and temperate; the weather fluctuates but does not reach extreme temperatures. About 8% unemployment rate, Natural resources that are available include (Coal, oil, natural gas, tin, limestone, iron ore, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, lead, silica). The level of economic development changed in recent years for this country since, the economic development changed with respect to the level of output in coloration with the GDP produced by this. As this country suffers from a trade surplus or a trade deficit, these factors affect GDP and affect the overall quality of citizen’s lives and also trade. For example, in England there is a trade deficit; this affects not only the amount of economic development possible, but also adds to the nation’s debt and in the long run will cause depreciation in England’s currency. As you can see the level of economic development is altered as the years go by for these countries, and countries around the world.

**What do these changes mean?**
These changes explain how much or how little the "change" in the economic standpoint of such said country. These changes differentiate, since these countries are all different and have diverse populations and similar but different laws. These "changes" in the economy also explain in depth on what GDP stands for in a country, if either the country is poor or rich, stable or unstable, and so on. As one country experiences a trade deficit, another country might be in a trade surplus; this difference allows one party to gain in trade and another to not gain as much, thus fulfilling a true business model, where profit must be acquired.

===How are GDP, per capita income, balance of trade, and unemployment related to one another?

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These terms (GDP, per capita income, balance of trade, and unemployment), are related to one another because they will affect each other directly and/or indirectly. An example goes as follows: if unemployment is at 9%, this means that is above the normal rate of unemployment (6%), causing per capita income to slope downward because now 9% of the population is out or work, not to mention the part of the population that is unwilling to even try to find a job. Not only does per capita income get affected, but GDP also is affect because the countries work force is lower then what it could be, meaning that GDP is lower then what is could be. These terms all affect one another either directly and/or indirectly.

How could a company involved in international business use this information to make better company?[[image:gbizproject/housing-market1.jpg width="423" height="235" align="right"]]
A company involved in international trade might be interested in this information because it is basically a economic rubric for such said country. This "rubric" so to speak, allow companies to adjust supply and demand according to either the economic stability of such country, or even withdrawal from one country because of a depression, thus causing the company to save money. This "saving" allows the company to be able to buy more capital to use in other countries that are not suffering a depression, but might be in the "recovery" stage and this is cause a profit. This information can help any business that interacts internationally by providing statistics that describe the countries economic "rubric".

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Section created by: Carlos Martinez.

‍Imports, Exports, and Trade Relations
Import taxes or other restrictions may be tariffs and customs that apply to are product. Exports manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals; food, beverages, tobacco India’s largest trading partner, which means that exporting your goods to India, may be a profitable business. While most of the United Kingdom’s regulations for India export are the same as those for export to other non-EU countries, there are some notable differences as well.

**COUNTRY **
 * =====Exports===== || =====Imports===== || =====Balance===== || =====Surplus/ Deficit===== ||
 * United States || 41,969 || 39,485 || 484 ||
 * Germany || 30,471 || 40,595 || -10,124 ||
 * France || 25,606 || 25,666 || -60 ||
 * Netherlands || 21,080 || 22.049 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-969 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Ireland || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">18,516 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">13,541 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">4,975 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Belgium || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">14,061 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">14,786 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-725 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Italy || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">11,779 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">14,083 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-2304 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Spain || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">11,760 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">8,913 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">2847 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">Japan || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">5,386 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">15,755 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-10,369 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">China || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">3,881 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">16,803 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-12,922 ||
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">China || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">3,881 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">16,803 || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 19px;">-12,922 ||

If you see the chart above, it includes the Exports, Imports, and the Balance of trade for many countries including the United Kingdom. In 2000 ,the United Kingdom's imports were distributed among the following categories.

Consumer goods 18.1%

Food 7.2%

Fuels 4.4%

Industrial supplies 22.8%

Machinery 29.5%

Transportation 17.0%

Other 1.0%

Trade Relations According to the latest Indian figures made available to Hindustan Times, trade between the two countries grew in 2008-09 by 7.4 per cent to $12.5 billion — a modest rise compared to the nearly 19 per cent growth a year earlier. A fall in demand saw India’s exports to Britain in 2008-09 declines 0.83% — from $6.7 billion to $6.6. But British imports to India.

section created by: Claudia L.

‍Currency: Values and Factors - Juan B.
Prior to February 15th 1971 the British currency system was known as pounds, shillings and pence, In the system used at that time 12 pennies was equal to one shilling and 20 shillings wasequal to one pound. After February 15th 1971 the UK moved to a new system called decimilization and brought the currency into line with the metric systems used in Europe which are based on a logical system of 10 or factors of 10's. So with decimilization came a system of pounds and pence doing away with shillings altogether. UK currency is known as British Sterling. Under this system 100 pence is equal to one pound making working with the UK currency far easier.

The symbol used for pounds is: £ or is sometimes shown as GBP (Great Britain Pounds) and the symbol used for pence is: p So two pound forty pence would be written: £2.40 or GBP 2.40. Twenty pence would be written 20p. Like the UK coins the notes all carry the Queens head. They also carry a watermark that is visible to the eyes only when held up tp the light. The watermark is the Queens head and shows in the egg shaped white space on all the above notes. There is also a silver strip that shows when held up to the light along the width of the notes. The UK does not use the same currency as much of Europe contrary to the belief of many first time visitors. While many countries os the European Union use the Euro which came into being on January 1st 1999 the UK has so far decided to continue with its own currency.

Laws and regulations are laws that affect business activities and international business trade in a country. When doing any kind of business in the UK it is most certainly affected by the E-Commerce Regulations. It came in effect on 21st August 2002. It was Introduce to clarify and harmonise the rules of online business throughout Europe with the aim of boosting consumer confidence If you buy goods from outside of the UK then you normally pay import duty at a nominal percentage and import vat at 17.5% based on the cost of the goods and cost of delivery. The rate of duty depends on what exactly the item is. You need to get your item classified as per a 10 digit commodity code in order to work out the actual rate you will be charged. Give the National Advice Service a ring and they will help you classify your goods and find out what you will be charged. There's the Bill of Landing it is used for sea shipment and is a certificate of ownership of goods. Then there's the Insurance Certificate and also the Packing list. The packing list is the number of items in the content of each pack, along with individual weights. There's also the Air Waybill and last the letter of credit. If you apply for an authorization using form C&E 810 you should be informed of the decision to grant or reject the application within 30 days of Customs receiving the application. However, this period will not start until all the necessary information required is received. When an authorization is issued you will only be approved to receive goods under IPR that are specified in your authorization.

section created by: Jesus D.

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The United Kingdom offers many products and services like brewers, underground music, newspapers and the Ipads, but the iPad in particular has risen the ability to learn in faster, and more fun ways. They're thin, lightweight and make it easier for college students to take them to school and back home. The avaliable sizes are; 16GB, 32GB and 64GB. There are various accessories that help with making the iPad easier to share. This product includes billions of apps that can be helpful both at home and at school. There are apps that allow the user to download any type of book they wish to read, weather it's a childrens book, or a complicated textbook for college. There are other apps such as ones to help people out with math, ones that perfect the art of handwritting, and others that can correct your homework and/or tests. This product has the ability to change voice recording into text, helps create presentations with just a swift movement. Some cultural and social factors that can affect our product, in a positive way, are that the people in The United Kingdom have a very high demand for the iPad. As an online source stated, "Demand for iPad has been off the charts. The cultural behavior towards this product is great, people love these Ipads because its part of the new technology and it helps people out with alot of stuff like projects, notes, homework, presentations and, plenty other stuff. It is just unique to the United Kingdom.



The graph above suggest that the ipad has hade suggnificant effects on the sales of other electronic devices such as the netbook, this information also suggest that this product is above and beyond consumer expectations and meets most to all of the customers needs, as relected by the information in the graph.

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created by: Daniel C.

==‍Promotional Activities==

There is a huge range of promotional activities that organizations can choose from, factors such as the size of the marketing budget ,the type of product or service to be promoted ,or the target audience determine which strategy is chosen. Promotion refers to marketing activities that create awareness of your business and/or product. The type of promotional activities you choose helps to create and affirm your company Image. In the UK is mostly consisted of outdoor advertising such as the display of billboards regulated by the UK Town and County Planning system. There have been increasing efforts to protect the public interest by regulating the content and the influence of advertising. Some self-regulatory organizations are funded by the industry, but remain independent, with the intent of upholding the standards or codes like the Advertising Standards Authority in the UK. In the United States, the success of this advertising format eventually led to the growth of mail-order advertising.

Public broadcasting now exists in the United States due to the 1967 Public Broadcasting Act which led to the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and National Public Radio (NPR). Twitter has launched its advertising platform in the U.K. and is now displaying Promoted Tweets, Promoted Accounts and Promoted Trends to users in the country. Previously, only users in the U.S. were able to see these advertising products. Brands in the U.K. can now take advantage of Promoted Tweets, Promoted Trends and Promoted Accounts to increase awareness of their brands and products(4)

Section created by: Nancy G.

‍Small Business Success - Gabby P.
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== Small businesses are important for jobs and economic growth in every country. For this section research information on small businesses in your country (those with less than 10 employees). What difficulties are commonly faced when starting or operating a small business in your country? How do small business owners overcome these challenges? Contact a small business owner in your country and interview them via email to discover how they meet the challenge of running a small business in their country. Be detailed and specific in your explanations - a minimum of 250-300 words with links, graphics, and annotations.

In the UK, most small business don’t have any employees this means that they are a ‘sole trader’. My research has lead me to see that to become a sole trader, first register with HM Revenve and Customs (HMRC). From there, a business name must be chosen. It would be very smart to open a separate bank account once approval has gone through. To be a successful sole trader, keeping accurate accountary records is requiredand also meeting payment deadlines. Those deadlines are; Oct. 31 for sending most of the paper tax returns Jan.31 for both sending in any online taxes and if any already owed previous paper tax returns. And finally, July 31 for the second payment in account Even if you work from home, there is a premises tax. The taxes go up once the first £35,000($54,729.50) are made, by 40%, and once the first £150,000($234,555.00) are made, the tax rate goes up to 50%. All profits made during the business being open are taxed as income by the HMRC.

[]. <http://www.ukincorp.co.uk/s-1J-business-start-up-for-beginners.html

The type of business that should be conducted within the United Kingdom should follow the following presis: "one that meets demand with supply accroding to and with respect to the commerence of such said country". With this said, the amount of products avaliable for reatail should reflect the amount of demand "demanded' at such said time, e.g: if the demand for electronic computer pads exceeds and/or intersects the amount of (ECPs) supplied, thus creating a equillibrium point in which the economical equilliibrium of such said buisness will trend to the opinion that it is suggested to proceed in acordince to the basic priciples of macroeconomics/microeconomics. In an Industrilized country such as the United kingdom, the "demand" for highly liquid inflationary (principles of inflation) products such as "technonology" allow for the oppertunnity of growth and expansion of any company in corpurated with the development and distribution of these products.

In any attempt to anaylze the statistacal information above, one will see that it suggest a profitable (ergo "benefitial") trajectuary in which will allow a business involved in international affairs with respect to specificly "commerence" of such said products to obtain a end result of "profitable" marginal growth. While the actually "process" involved with the transactional process's in which will allow the business to collect the net revenue and obtain the "total" or gross profits, one can use this new statistacal information to also prove the presis above, as other acounts of commerence may intervein (Laws and regulations of commerence) with the final product and ultimatly with the comparison/ contrast with the prior information.